World Civ B Final Exam Study Guide 2010-11

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True/False
Indicate whether the statement is true or false.

Troubadours were poet-musicians who wandered from court to court, entertaining and spreading news.

Fires and the spread of disease were constant threats in medieval cities.

Most of the people in Medieval Europe belonged to the noble class.

Tournaments were relatively mild events, little battle actually occurred, and no one was ever in danger of being hurt.

The world’s first major movement toward industrialization began in America.

The murder of Archduke Franz Ferdinand of Austria led to the outbreak of World War I.

The first African slaves were captured by European colonists.

Industrialization brought about a decrease in the number of farmers.

Many Europeans believed that the Black Death had been sent by God to punish them for their sins.

10.

Russia joined World War I because of a previous agreement to protect Serbia.

11.

The presence of the United States in the League of Nations strengthened that organization.

12.

Most money-lenders were Jews because Christians were prohibited by religious laws from charging interest and because Jews were barred from many other occupations.

13.

The first country to launch large-scale voyages of exploration was Spain.

14.

Indentured servants from Europe were “slaves” in North America before the Africans.

15.

The need for clocks decreased after industrialization.

16.

G-boats were German submarines used to attack Allied ships during World War I.

17.

Muhammad considered Abraham, Moses, and Jesus to be messengers or prophets from God.

18.

The goal of the First Crusade was to take Jerusalem and the area around it, known as the Holy Land, away from the Muslims who controlled it.

19.

The Age of Exploration was driven in large part by the search for wealth.

20.

In the 19th century, steam engines were mainly used to remove pollutants from the air.

21.

It was extremely expensive to become a knight.

22.

Nearly 9 million soldiers were killed in World War I battles.

23.

Under Muslim rule, Christians and Jews were forced to convert to Islam.

24.

The American colonies would not have survived without the work of thousands of African slaves.

25.

Some enslaved Africans coped with inhumane conditions by trying to keep their cultural traditions alive.

26.

Unlike the Spanish, the Portuguese did not enslave Native Americans.

27.

Spanish colonization of the Americas resulted in the deaths of millions of Native Americans from overwork, epidemic diseases, and mistreatment on plantations.

28.

Most knights kept to the code of chivalry and protected the lower classes.

29.

Explorer Amerigo Vespucci concluded that the land discovered by Columbus was not part of Asia, but a new land.

30.

Slave labor declined in the Americas as a result of the Age of Exploration.

31.

About 10 million people, or one sixth of Europe’s population, died during the years of the plague.

32.

The telephone, light bulb, automobile, and motion pictures were all 19th century inventions.

33.

The record or example of Muhammad’s behavior and teachings, known as jihad, provides Muslims with guidance in daily life.

Multiple Choice
Identify the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question.

34.

Which of the following people was a bear keeper’s daughter that rose to political power through marriage to a Byzantine Emperor?

a.	Joan of Arc	c.	Beyonce
b.	Cleopatra	d.	Theodora

35.

During the Nika Rebellion, over 30,000 citizens of Constantinople were killed to put down the rebellion. Who was responsible for “saving the day” by sending out Constantinople’s greatest army general to stop the riots?

a.	The Pope	c.	General Belisarius
b.	Emperor Justinian	d.	Empress Theodora

36.

The Black Death led to

a.	the collapse of the medieval manor system.
b.	greater religious tolerance in Western Europe.
c.	the end of the Hundred Years’ War.

37.

Why were many of the written works created during the Early Middle Ages religious texts?

a.	Few people were very religious.
b.	Few people outside of the clergy could read and write.
c.	Most people did not enjoy reading epics or romances.

38.

Which of the following was an impact of the Atlantic Slave Trade on the “New World?”

a.	firearms led to increased violence	c.	generations of African leaders disappeared
b.	the Aztecs gained power over European colonists	d.	slave labor helped colonies thrive

39.

Which of the following founded new towns during the medieval period?

a.	merchants	c.	farmers
b.	bishops

40.

Both Geoffrey Chaucer and Dante Alighieri wrote in

a.	the vernacular.	c.	Latin.
b.	calligraphy.

41.

Since feudal Japan had no central authority to unify its people, how were new leaders chosen?

a.	Buddhist monks would choose the next shogun	c.	the warrior class would vote to elect a local daimyo as shogun
b.	powerful daimyos fought for the title of shogun	d.	the emperor would elect a new shogun

42.

The largest number of captured Africans were used as

a.	workers on Caribbean sugar plantations.	c.	skilled craft workers.
b.	domestic servants.	d.	ship hands.

43.

Who was Martin Luther’s clergy friend that came up with the idea of selling “pardons” for sins to raise money for the building of St. Peter’s Basilica?

a.	John Wycliffe	c.	Charles V
b.	Jan Hus	d.	Johann Tetzel

44.

What purpose did the castle serve in medieval times?

a.	sign of status among lords	c.	home of the lord and lady
b.	all answers are correct

45.

Through warfare, feudal lords were able to accomplish which of the following?

a.	seize new territories	c.	all answers are correct
b.	defend their estates

46.

How did the Renaissance contribute to the Age of Exploration?

a.	by emphasizing the importance of converting people to Christianity
b.	by fostering a belief in the importance of working as a group
c.	by awakening a spirit of discovery and innovation in Europe
d.	by persuading Europeans that the pursuit of wealth was all-important

47.

These were pictures created using tiny colored tiles of glass, stone, or clay fitted together and cemented in place. They were often used to depict human subjects such as saints or emperors.

a.	Sagas	c.	Mosaics
b.	Iconoclasts	d.	Icons

48.

In the 1600s, this new type of theater emerged in Japan in which the actors sang, danced, pantomimed, wore elaborate costumes and makeup and all roles were played by male actors.

a.	kabuki	c.	shogun theater
b.	kanagawa	d.	noh drama

49.

The pope’s influence in the Middle Ages resulted from

a.	the fact that nearly everyone in Europe was Christian.
b.	the economic influence of the Papal States.
c.	the powerful army he headed under General Charlemagne.

50.

Vikings began raiding northern Europe because

a.	Viking farmers could not grow enough food.
b.	they wanted to spread their religion.
c.	they wanted to stop attacks on Scandinavia.

51.

What document was King John forced to sign by his nobles that guaranteed people certain political rights, such as freedom from punishment without cause?

a.	Bill of Rights	c.	Treaty of Verdun
b.	Magna Carta

52.

What action taken by Luther caused his excommunication from the Catholic Church?

a.	burning the Pope’s decree	c.	posting the 95 Theses
b.	denying the Pope’s earthly authority	d.	ignoring the Edict of Worms

53.

To be an “enlightened” Japanese citizen in the late 1800s, one would have to become

a.	a prominent government official.	c.	more like the Westerners entering Japan’s ports.
b.	a follower of bushido and the samurai traditions.	d.	part of the warrior class of Japan.

54.

What is the correct order of the education of a knight?

a.	age 7 squire, age 14 knight, age 21 page	c.	age 7 knight, age 14 page, age 21 squire
b.	age 7 page, age 14 squire, age 21 knight

55.

Islam spread to places such as West Africa and Southeast Asia because

a.	Muslims fought major battles there.
b.	the Abbasids conquered those lands.
c.	escaped Umayyad princes set up dynasties there.
d.	Muslim traders traveled there.

56.

At the time of Muhammad’s birth, what brought religious pilgrims to Mecca?

a.	the House of Wisdom	c.	the Ka’aba, a holy shrine
b.	the Dome of the Rock	d.	the variety of mosques

57.

What did Martin Luther accomplish while hiding in the castle of Frederick of Saxony to escape the Edict of Worms?

a.	translated the Old Testament of the Bible into Latin	c.	wrote the 95 Theses attacking the “pardon merchants” in Germany
b.	created the doctrine for the Lutheran church	d.	translated the New Testament of the Bible into the vernacular

58.

What was the name of the giant chariot racing stadium that existed in Constantinople during the rule of Justinian?

a.	The Hippodrome	c.	The Hagia Sophia
b.	The Horse Pathway	d.	The Coliseum

59.

Some Meccans did not accept Muhammad’s teachings because he

a.	told them to give up their polytheistic beliefs.
b.	had a career as a merchant.
c.	refused to share the angel’s message.
d.	chose to live in Yathrib.

60.

Which of the following siege weapons was used like a giant slingshot and could hurl objects such as dead horses up to 980 feet?

a.	trebuchet	c.	battering ram
b.	mangonel

61.

Which Byzantine Emperor was described in two very different lights by his court historian Procopius?

a.	Theodora	c.	Constantine
b.	Heracles	d.	Justinian

62.

When the Western and Eastern Churches split, the Western church remained the Roman Catholic Church and the Eastern Church became the:

a.	The Hagia Sophia Church	c.	The Orthodox Church
b.	Holy Roman Church	d.	The Eastern Roman Church

63.

During the Tokugawa period, the role of the samurai changed because

a.	feudalism disappeared.	c.	the emperor gained power.
b.	Confucianism gained in popularity.	d.	peace put the samurai out of work.

64.

The Western and Eastern Roman churches argued over the use of these religious paintings and sculptures depicting sacred figures:

a.	Mosaics	c.	Sagas
b.	Busts	d.	Icons

65.

The ultimate goal of early English, Dutch, and French explorers was to

a.	find a passage to Asia.	c.	colonize North America.
b.	find gold and silver in the Americas.	d.	find a shorter southern route to Africa.

66.

Why did both sides in World War I turn to new weapons?

a.	because both sides wanted to avoid the deaths of too many soldiers
b.	because trench warfare had led to a stalemate
c.	because advances in radar technology made bombers almost useless
d.	because there were not enough weapons to arm the millions of soldiers

67.

The term that is used for banishment from a church is:

a.	indulgence	c.	excommunication
b.	dismemberment	d.	evicted

68.

Which of the following was not a result of Henry the VIII calling the Reformation Parliament that passed the Act of Supremacy?

a.	Henry became the head of the Church	c.	the Catholic Church remained the official church of England
b.	the Pope’s power was diminished in England	d.	the Anglican church became the official church of England

69.

This played a key role in the Age of Exploration because it allowed sailors to know which direction was North at all times.

a.	astrolabe	c.	caravel
b.	compass	d.	textile

70.

A Muslim who states, “There is no god but God [Allah], and Muhammad is the messenger of God,” has fulfilled the

a.	pilgrimage to Mecca.	c.	Ten Commandments.
b.	first pillar of Islam.	d.	giving of alms.

71.

France, Russia, and Great Britain made up the

a.	Eastern Block.	c.	Triple Alliance.
b.	Central Powers.	d.	Triple Entente.

72.

During this historic meeting, the Catholic and Protestant German princes came to an agreement that each prince would chose the religion of his state:

a.	Peace of Augsburg	c.	Magna Carta
b.	Treaty of Verdun	d.	Edict of Worms

73.

What did the US want with Japan when Commodore Matthew Perry first arrived in Japanese ports?

a.	another trading partner	c.	a haven for ship-wrecked sailors
b.	all answers are correct	d.	coaling stations

74.

Who was the Muslim leader who retained control of the Holy Land during the Third Crusade and eventually created a truce between Christians and Muslims?

a.	Saladin	c.	Muhammad
b.	Al-Jeffrin

75.

Under the Tokugawa shoguns, Japan achieve relative peace and stability as a unified state. Which of the following is not a way in which the Tokugawa shoguns achieved this?

a.	increased agricultural production	c.	increased the economic activity within Japan
b.	focused population growth on villages rather than cities	d.	created the “Five Highways” to improve trade

76.

The martyrdom of Husayn was significant because it

a.	ended the expansion of the Umayyad dynasty.
b.	led to the emergence of the Sufis.
c.	resulted in the bitter split between the Sunni and Shia.
d.	marked the first time the Shia and Sunnis cooperated.

77.

Which two inventions revolutionized technology in combat in Europe during the 700s?

a.	the sword and shield	c.	the saddle and stirrup
b.	the spear and lance

78.

Where was Mecca located?

a.	on the Arabian Peninsula in the Sahara Desert
b.	at the mouth of the Nile River
c.	in the largest oasis of the Sinai Desert
d.	on the Arabian Peninsula near the Red Sea

79.

Many Negro spirituals, such as Wade in the Water, were developed as a way to

a.	escape from plantations using directions hidden in the songs.	c.	help African children learn to speak English.
b.	pass the time while working on plantations.	d.	blend American and African culture.

80.

Which of the following people led the French to victory in the Hundred Year’s War after claiming the saints had given them visions of leading the French forces?

a.	Joan of Arc	c.	Empress Theodora
b.	Charlemagne

81.

What piece of the Justinian Code included laws that were passed after 534 AD?

a.	The Code	c.	The Novellae
b.	The Digest	d.	The Institutes

82.

Which series of events led to World War I?

a.	An Austrian-Hungarian nobleman was assassinated, Germany moved to support Austria, and Great Britain declared war on Germany.
b.	Austria took over Bosnia, Serbia declared war on Austria, and Germany declared war on Serbia.
c.	Germany declared war on Serbia, Russia moved to support Serbia, and Great Britain declared war on Russia.
d.	Austria-Hungary declared war on Serbia, Russia moved to support Serbia, and Germany declared war on Russia.

83.

These events were like markets, usually were held in large towns, and attracted huge crowds of people buying an astonishing variety of goods.

a.	union shows	c.	merchant leagues
b.	trade fairs

84.

Which of the following means “way of the warrior” and was a strict code of ethics for the samurai in feudal Japan?

a.	bushido	c.	meiji
b.	shogun	d.	daimyo

85.

Which of the following best describes Germany’s position for much of the war?

a.	Germany was a neutral country.
b.	Germany faced war on two fronts.
c.	Germany did not have a military strategy for this war.
d.	All of Germany’s military efforts were focused on Serbia.

86.

What event finally convinced Japan that they needed to “open up” to western trade and influence?

a.	the assassination of the Emperor Meiji	c.	the Shi-Shi samurai overthrowing the Tokugawa shogunate
b.	the Chinese Opium War with Britain	d.	the French Revolution

87.

Emperor Charles the V issued a proclamation to Germany telling the citizens that no one should give Martin Luther food, water, or shelter. This decree was known as the:

a.	Emancipation Proclamation	c.	Peace of Augsburg
b.	Edict of Worms	d.	Treaty of Worms

88.

Sailors could calculate their location based on the position of the sun and stars in relation to the horizon with the

a.	compass.	c.	nautical map.
b.	astrolabe.	d.	caravel.

89.

What port city did Constantine rebuild to create the city of Constantinople?

a.	Adrianople	c.	Byzantium
b.	Rome	d.	Istanbul

90.

This was a sustained period of renewed interest and remarkable developments in art, literature, science, and learning. In French, the term literally means “rebirth.”

a.	Renaissance	c.	Humanism
b.	Secular	d.	Vernacular

91.

During Ramadan, Muslims are required to

a.	follow the lessons in the Sunna.
b.	go without food or drink from dawn to dusk.
c.	make a pilgrimage to Mecca.
d.	read the Qur’an.

92.

Which of the following was one effect of the Crusades?

a.	Trade decreased.
b.	Jews moved to Jerusalem.
c.	Relations between religious groups became more strained.

93.

How did Charlemagne ensure that his counts remained loyal and did their jobs well?

a.	by sending monks to convert them to Christianity
b.	by setting up a system of rewards and punishments administered by inspectors
c.	by replacing all local rulers with members of the Carolingian family

94.

The Justinian Code was made up of which of the following works?

a.	The Digest	c.	The Novellae
b.	The Institutes	d.	All of the above

95.

Which of the following did not increase after the Industrial Revolution?

a.	environmental pollution	c.	population of rural areas
b.	factories	d.	production of goods

96.

Which of the following is considered one of the most important leaders in European history?

a.	Charles Martel	c.	Charlemagne
b.	Hugh Capet

97.

Which of the following was not a circumstance that was weakening the Catholic Church leading up to the Reformation?

a.	printing press was spreading secular ideas	c.	a strong central authority in Germany
b.	the popes spent extravagant amounts of money	d.	the clergy drank and gambled

98.

Europe became a feudal society because

a.	skilled craftspeople had emerged as farming techniques improved.
b.	Europeans needed to defend themselves against constant raids and invasions.
c.	the rarity of cash required land to be used as a payment for services.

99.

According to the map titled “Expansion of Islam, 632–760,” which of the following was part of Islamic territory by 661?

a.	Córdoba	c.	Kabul
b.	Constantinople	d.	Cairo

100.

According to the map titled “Expansion of Islam, 632–760,” by 661 Islamic lands encompassed

a.	most of Egypt, the Arabian Peninsula, and Persia.
b.	only the area around Media and Mecca.
c.	approximately half the Arabian Peninsula.
d.	all of northern Africa, Spain, Persia, and the Arabian Peninsula.

101.

A common misconception about slavery is that

a.	most African slaves worked within the English colonies.	c.	Southern plantation owners hated all Africans.
b.	Northern colonists wanted to free all of the slaves.	d.	all answers are correct.

102.

The term Protestant originally referred to which of the following?

a.	Luther’s followers throughout Germany	c.	German princes who protested against the Catholic’s agreement
b.	German princes of the Catholic Church	d.	Christians not of the Catholic church

103.

What was not improved by the use of steam engines in the 19th century?

a.	farming	c.	air quality
b.	transportation	d.	manufacturing

104.

He was the great Byzantine general that helped stop the Nika Rebellion after killing 30,000 citizens of Constantinople.

a.	Theodora	c.	Justinian
b.	Belisarius	d.	Constantine

105.

Who was the first person to organize a group of mounted warriors in combat as knights?

a.	Charlemagne	c.	Justinian
b.	Charles Martel

106.

In early feudal Japan, female samurai could do which of the following?

a.	all answers are correct.	c.	participate in business
b.	inherit property	d.	train to fight

107.

What is the term used for the global exchange of plants, animals, and diseases between Europe and the Americas?

a.	Columbian Exchange	c.	African Diaspora
b.	European Exchange	d.	Triangle Trade

108.

The feudal system had which of the following effects?

a.	It freed most Europeans from work obligations.
b.	It centralized government.
c.	It diminished the power of kings.

109.

Christian missionary activity in feudal Japan resulted in

a.	a new era of religious tolerance.
b.	the adoption of Christianity as the official state religion.
c.	the conversion of many Japanese and later persecution of Christians and missionaries.
d.	few conversions and little interest from Japanese people or the government.

110.

The goal of the First Crusade was to

a.	take Jerusalem and the Holy Land away from the Muslims.
b.	convert Muslims to Christianity.
c.	take Jerusalem and the Holy Land away from the Byzantines.

111.

Although Ferdinand Magellan actually died in the Philippines, his crew was the first to do which of the following?

a.	find a Northeast passage to Asia	c.	circumnavigate the globe
b.	sail around the southern tip of Africa	d.	explore the land called Brazil

112.

These were huge estates in the Americas that grew cash crops such as sugar cane and tobacco.

a.	manors	c.	fiefs
b.	plantations	d.	crop farms

113.

What is another name for the plague that devastated Europe in the mid-1300s?

a.	the Black Death	c.	the Mongol Hordes
b.	the Human Scourge

114.

These organizations were created in the Middle Ages to protect the interests of people who worked in a common trade.

a.	feudals	c.	markets
b.	guilds

115.

Planters in the Americas began to use African slaves for labor because

a.	African slaves were less expensive than Native American slaves.
b.	disease had killed millions of Native Americans.
c.	they believed Native Americans were not human.
d.	Aztecs refused to work on plantations.

116.

This painter would be considered a Renaissance Man and produced the Last Supper and the Mona Lisa.

a.	Leonardo da Vinci	c.	Michelangelo Buonarroti
b.	Baldassare Castiglione	d.	Raphael Sanzio

117.

Many Native Americans helped Hernan Cortés because

a.	they resented paying tribute to the Aztec Emperor.
b.	they had been converted to Christianity.
c.	the Aztec rituals were unpopular with those they had conquered.
d.	they had intermarried with Spanish explorers.

118.

This dynasty ruled over the Byzantine Empire during a period of peace and prosperity known as the Byzantine “golden age.”

a.	Seljuk Turks	c.	Macedonians
b.	Romans	d.	Ottoman Turks

119.

How was Tokugawa Ieyasu, a powerful daimyo, able to gain control of Japan by the year 1600?

a.	he used firearms imported from the Portuguese to win decisive battles	c.	he addicted other samurai to opium imported from the Chinese
b.	he tricked other samurai into giving him land through Buddhist meditation	d.	he paid the most powerful samurai to follow him into battle

120.

Which two men stood as the first example of feudalism?

a.	Constantine and Procopius	c.	Charles the Simple and Rollo
b.	Charlemagne and Pope Leo III

121.

Why did the pope name Charlemagne Emperor of the Roman People?

a.	to thank Charlemagne for keeping him in power
b.	because Charlemagne refused to support the pope’s authority unless he was crowned emperor
c.	to ensure Charlemagne would not attack the Papal States

122.

People who did not openly oppose the Umayyad rulers were known as

a.	Sufis.	c.	Sunnis.
b.	Meccans.	d.	Shia.

123.

Feudalism was a new system of what?

a.	taxing and collecting	c.	governing and landholding
b.	structuring Byzantine society

124.

The Underground Railroad was

a.	a system of tunnels dug from the South to the North in America.	c.	a secret society of slaves that rebelled against their masters.
b.	a railway that only allowed slaves to travel on it.	d.	a system used by slaves to gain freedom by escaping to Canada.

125.

What was an effect of the Columbian Exchange?

a.	Llamas began to be used as beasts of burden.
b.	Triangular trade became less profitable.
c.	The exchange of foods and animals had a dramatic impact on later societies.
d.	Native American diseases destroyed European populations.

126.

About 10,000 workers were hired to create this magnificent building, boasting the world’s largest dome at the time. Its name literally means “Holy Wisdom”in Greek.

a.	none of the above	c.	St. Peter’s Basilica
b.	Hagia Sophia	d.	The Blue Mosque

127.

The Muslim place of worship is called a

a.	Kaaba.	c.	mosque.
b.	hadith.	d.	minaret.

128.

This was a piece of the Justinian Code that was used as a textbook for Byzantine law students.

a.	the Institutes	c.	the Digest
b.	the Novellae	d.	the Code

129.

What aspect of World War I is best illustrated by the photo?

a.	the Russian Revolution	c.	trench warfare
b.	total war	d.	the effects of poison gas

130.

Although they were not slaves, these people were legally bound to the manor they were worked on and could not leave without permission.

a.	vassals	c.	peasants
b.	serfs

131.

This person illegally brought English textile machinery designs to the US

a.	Thomas Jefferson	c.	Eli Whitney
b.	John Adams	d.	Samuel Slater

132.

Which of the following statements best describes trade between Japan and Europe by 1650?

a.	Trade agreements with European nations had undermined Japan’s economy.
b.	Japanese trade was flourishing, particularly with Portugal, Holland, and Spain.
c.	Japan was trading only with the Dutch.
d.	Japan had ceased to trade with any European nations at all.

133.

Martin Luther reacted to the sale of “pardons for sin” when he posted the 95 Theses. What was were these pardons called?

a.	indulgences	c.	tithes
b.	protestants	d.	lutherans

134.

This person was given the credit for inventing movable type and the printing press, an invention that would revolutionize Europe as it allowed literacy rates to dramatically increase.

a.	Machiavelli	c.	Jan van Eyck
b.	Johann Gutenberg	d.	Leonardo da Vinci

135.

An English playwright considered by many to be the greatest of all time, this man focused on the lives of realistic characters that would appeal to even the uneducated person.

a.	Shakespeare	c.	Dante
b.	Chaucer	d.	Johann Gutenberg

136.

A samurai who was defeated in battle was expected to do which of the following?

a.	lose his rank of samurai and become a peasant farmer	c.	pledge his services the victorious daimyo
b.	commit ritualistic suicide called seppuku	d.	commit bushido in the presence of other samurai

137.

Having a worldly focus rather than a spiritual one:

a.	vernacular	c.	secular
b.	renaissance	d.	utopia

138.

The Muslim armies were extremely effective in gaining new territory and expanding the empire because

a.	many of the empires they attacked were weakened from years of battle	c.	they used a fighting style others were not accustomed to
b.	they were disciplined and expertly commanded	d.	all answers are correct

139.

This is a person that objects to the use of icons. The word literally means “icon breakers.”

a.	macedonian	c.	hippodrome
b.	iconoclast	d.	iconic

140.

Which of the following was NOT a way the city of Constantinople defended itself?

a.	Bombard canons on the city wall towers	c.	All of the above were defenses of Constantinople
b.	the Golden Horn chain	d.	13 miles of thick walls surrounding the city

141.

The land given to a knight for his service to a lord was called a:

a.	fief	c.	manor
b.	troubadour

142.

Henry the VIII called the Reformation Parliament because he wanted to:

a.	all of the above	c.	divorce his wife Catherine
b.	gain a male heir to the throne	d.	end the Pope’s power in England

143.

Which of the following was an effect of the Crusades?

a.	Knights gained political power.
b.	Important trade routes were destroyed.
c.	European kings gained more political power.

144.

What was the immediate result of trench warfare?

a.	an easy victory for the Central Powers	c.	fewer casualties on both sides
b.	massive deadlock	d.	an easy victory for the Allied Powers

145.

Which of the following was a Roman emperor that decided to move the capital of the Roman Empire to the old port city of Byzantium?

a.	Caesar	c.	Belisarius
b.	Justinian	d.	Constantine

146.

What term is used for a complex set of ideals that demanded a knight display courage in battle, loyalty to their lord, and fight for three masters?

a.	chivalry	c.	feudalism
b.	tithe

147.

Why were the French troops willing to follow Joan of Arc, a 17 year old peasant girl, into battle against the English?

a.	She was a skilled swordsman and bowman	c.	She claimed to be sent by the saints of the Catholic Church
b.	She proved her military qualities in previous battles with the English

148.

Michelangelo painted this structure, considered by some experts the greatest work of art ever commissioned.

a.	the Sistine Chapel	c.	the Hagia Sophia
b.	the Notre Dame Cathedral	d.	the Cathedral of Florence

149.

Which of the following explorer’s thought he had reached the Asian islands known as the Indies when he had actually reached the Caribbean Islands?

a.	Christopher Columbus	c.	Pedro Cabral
b.	Henry the Navigator	d.	Amerigo Vespucci

150.

What was the Zimmermann Note?

a.	a note left behind by a suicide bomber in Serbia
b.	the German policy of attacking all ships entering or leaving Great Britain
c.	a proposal by a German official that Mexico attack the United States in return for territory
d.	Wilson’s speech detailing reasons why the United States should remain neutral

151.

Which group of people felt betrayed by Martin Luther when they attempted to end serfdom in Germany and he denied their claims of following his ideas of “Christian freedom?”

a.	nobles	c.	peasants
b.	Lutherans	d.	princes

152.

The Samurai way of life consisted of

a.	fighting constant wars and working their way to the title of emperor
b.	a strict code of ethics called Bushido focused around meditation and training
c.	trading with European powers and receiving monetary payment for their services
d.	building castles for the emperor and fighting using Zen Buddhism

153.

Which of the following is visible in the photo?

a.	zeppelin	c.	gas mask
b.	tank	d.	aircraft

154.

Which of the following people groups overtook Constantinople in 1453 and later renamed the city Istanbul?

a.	Romans	c.	Ottoman Turks
b.	Macedonians	d.	Persians

155.

Under the system of feudalism, a person who owed service to a lord was called a:

a.	knight	c.	vassal
b.	clergy

156.

After having his revelations, Muhammad left Mecca because

a.	he wanted to spread his message.
b.	he believed Allah commanded him to do so.
c.	his teachings made it unsafe for him to stay there.
d.	the Kaaba had been destroyed.

157.

The pope excommunicated all Crusaders taking part in the Fourth Crusade because they:

a.	attacked a Christian city to pay their passage to the Holy Land.
b.	worshipped idols and prayed to icons.
c.	massacred entire communities of Jews in Europe.

158.

Who was responsible for starting the Nika Rebellion?

a.	Gangs of bear keepers	c.	Belisarius and his army
b.	Gangs of chariot race supporters	d.	Muslim raiders from North Africa

159.

What was the slogan for many Japanese during the late 1800s as Japan began to westernize?

a.	Chinese tea, British opium!	c.	Flowers, tea, and Swords!
b.	Samurai traditions, Western economy!	d.	Japanese spirit, Western technology!

160.

Which of the following is NOT a reason that Constantine moved the capital of the Roman Empire to the east?

a.	To be closer to the wealthy eastern estates	c.	To create a more defensible city within Constantinople
b.	To escape the danger of invasions from Germanic tribes	d.	To relocate the Vatican City and papal authority to the east

Matching - match the terms to their appropriate definition or meaning by writing
the letter next to the matching number.

a.	Bedouins	g.	Sufi
b.	Hijrah	h.	Qur’an
c.	Islam	i.	Shari’a
d.	Five Pillars	j.	Shi’a
e.	Sunna	k.	mosque
f.	Mecca

161.

Muhammad’s example of best living for Muslims

162.

group of Muslims seeking mystical, personal connection to Allah

163.

Muslims worship in this place

164.

believed Allah would only bless one of Muhammad’s descendants as ruler

165.

Muhammad’s journey to the city of Medina (Yathrib)

166.

meaning submission to the will of Allah

167.

Muslims face this city when praying five times daily

168.

a legal system combining Muhammad’s example and the Qur’an

169.

the five basic acts of worship central to Islam

170.

nomadic travelers who moved their herds among oases

a.	no-man’s-land	d.	Schlieffen Plan
b.	propaganda	e.	poison gas
c.	Franz Ferdinand	f.	Woodrow Wilson

171.

His vision of world peace was called the Fourteen Points

172.

Information designed to influence people’s opinions

173.

German military plan to fight France, then Russia

174.

Archduke of Austria-Hungary that was assassinated by the Black Hand separatist group

175.

A new weapon developed during World War I that was fairly ineffective

176.

Area between opposing trenches

a.	industrial espionage	f.	New England
b.	steam engines	g.	factories
c.	Luddites	h.	cotton gin
d.	spinning	i.	weaving
e.	interchangeable	j.	textiles

177.

Samuel Slater committed this illegal act to open his factory

178.

in the late 1700s, new machines for making these products started the Industrial Revolution

179.

this region of the US was the center of the Industrial Revolution

180.

created by Eli Whitney to clean cotton fibers

181.

thread is made into cloth by this process

182.

group of unemployed cottage workers that attacked machines

183.

this process produces yarn and thread

184.

the production and repair of mechanical devices was more efficient when they were made from these kind of parts

185.

these building where developed during the Industrial Revolution

186.

the use of coal increased due to use of these devices

a.	artisans	e.	samurai
b.	merchants	f.	shogun
c.	peasants	g.	daimyo
d.	emperor	h.	women

187.

professional warriors who served in exchange for land or food

188.

figurehead ruler of Japan; a “living god”

189.

80% of Japan’s population; well-respected for their farming

190.

sold goods; not honored in Japanese feudal society

191.

produced goods for the warrior class

192.

warlords who owned large tracts of land

193.

allowed to train as samurai, but could not leave for battle

194.

ruled in the name of the emperor; supreme military leader of Japan

Short Answer

195.

Use the above photo to describe trench warfare.

196.

Name the three main ideas that Martin Luther’s teachings and theses were based on.

197.

Name and describe the Five Pillars of Islam.

198.

Using the space below, draw a diagram of the Triangle Trade, making sure to label the places linked by the three “legs” of the triangle and what was traded between the three different locations. Please be as specific as possible.

199.

How did Martin Luther’s writing and posting of the 95 Theses help to spark a Reformation throughout Europe that eventually spawned the Protestant church? Please be very specific.

200.

Describe the uses and effectiveness of two new weapons developed the war.

201.

Draw the feudal pyramid, making sure to label all of its levels.

202.

How did the conflict between Serbia and Austria-Hungary widen into the Great War?

203.

Using knowledge of the Industrial Revolution, compare and contrast (3 each) life before and after the revolution, citing specific changes that were made (6 total examples).

204.

Describe what it might have been like to live in a European city during the Middle Ages.

205.

What were some causes of the Crusades and what social impacts did the Crusades have on Christians in Europe and Muslims in Southwest Asia? (Use at least three causes and three effects in your discussion)